Document type
Patient information
Place
Hertfordshire and West Essex ICB
Output type
Clinical Pathways

ADHD

Frequently Asked Questions:

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) For Primary Care- MARCH 2025

The number of patients in Hertfordshire and West Essex seeking ADHD services has significantly increased and continues to do so. This has resulted in longer waits to access both diagnosis and treatment where there is an identified medical need.

This document aims to answer some of the commonly asked questions from GPs, service users and carers with regards to ADHD.

 

What is being done about long waits after referral to an ADHD service?

For adults, measures intended to ensure those patients most in need are prioritised have been put in place. Those who can self-manage are supported to do so.

A list of resources for waiting well has been provided at the end of this document. 

 In South & West Hertfordshire, a service for children and young people on medication requiring long term monitoring and follow up had been set up, aiming to increase capacity in the CAMHs teams. 

A longer-term community-based model for services is being developed in Hertfordshire, with the aim of providing a seamless pathway for children and adults with ADHD (and/or autism in children).

 

What can we do if we are concerned about the mental health or the behaviour of a patient awaiting an ADHD diagnosis?

Adults:

Individuals may need help with their mental health in addition to symptoms of ADHD. In an emergency, they should call 999/visit the Emergency Department.

To speak to someone about mental health use NHS Direct on 111 option 2. In Hertfordshire, this line can be used for all ages. In West Essex, the crisis phone line is for people aged 18 and over. Anyone under the age of 18 or family members of anyone under the age of 18 in crisis, should call North East London NHS Foundation Trust’s Emotional Wellbeing and Mental Health Service on 0300 555 1201.

If the query is not urgent- refer via HPFT SPA/West Essex referral system.

If the patient has been referred and requires help whilst waiting, contact the team they are under direct. Details and a directory of mental health support services is at the end of this document.

Children and young adults:

If behaviour is deteriorating significantly and there is a risk to the child or their family, contact local CAMHS provider to discuss the case with someone who will be able to help.

Hertfordshire- HPFT CAMHS SPA on 0800 6444 101 (24/7)

 

West Essex- North East London NHS Foundation Trust’s Southend, Essex and Thurrock Children’s and Adolescent Mental Health Services (SET CAMHS)

0800 953 0222
SET-CAMHS.referrals@nelft.nhs.uk

 

What are the legal and ethical considerations when referring to an ADHD service?

Referring only to providers with the appropriate NHS contracts is not just a recommendation - it is a legal requirement under the national RTC framework. It ensures:

• Fair access to healthcare services.

• Transparency in the choice available to patients.

• Compliance with legal standards required by NHS England.

 

 

When does the Right to choose and Patient Choice apply?

Patients can exercise their right to choose when:

       They receive an NHS referral for their initial or first appointment.

       A GP, dentist, or optometrist has made the referral.

       The service is led by a consultant (for both physical and mental health) or by a mental health professional (for mental health services only).

       The provider is commissioned by the NHS in England to provide the service needed.

       Not under the care of secondary mental health services.

 

Patients can only access NHS care under Right to Choose and Patient Choice if the GP refers. Patients self-referring to a private provider cannot then switch to being seen on the NHS unless the GP makes the formal referral.

 

Is a direct contract between NHS HWE ICB and the provider necessary?

 

No, the right to choose is valid for any provider with an NHS commissioning contract in England, independent of whether the local Integrated Care Board (ICB) directly contracts with that provider to provide the relevant service. Providers must offer services in accordance with the NHS commissioned terms.

 

Which providers can a patient choose from?

Patients are free to select any appropriate qualified provider across England if the provider is commissioned by the NHS in England to provide the service needed. This includes NHS organisations as well as private and independent providers.

 

What is the difference between Right to Choose and a Patient choice accredited provider for ADHD?

Under the umbrella term "Patient Choice”, the "Right to Choose” provides patients the option to select their NHS provider if the GP deems a referral to be clinically appropriate.  In addition to traditional NHS mental health services, private health organisations who hold an NHS contract anywhere in the UK may also be contracted by the local NHS for patients to use. Under "Right to Choose” these private health organisations who hold an NHS contract elsewhere can be chosen by the patient even if their NHS contract is not with the local ICB. 

To support Patient Choice and enable quality governance, arrangements are being put in place for providers (public, independent or third sector organisations) to qualify for and secure NHS Standard Contracts for the provision of elective services where the legal rights to choice apply.  This is the "Patient Choice Standard Framework Scheme”.

Under the Patient Choice Standard Framework (Patient Choice Scheme for short) the accreditation framework aims to set standards of service, prescribing, shared care and long term follow up from a recommended list of around 5 providers. The specification for the "Patient Choice” providers has been set out in HWEICB, and standards are high. They would be expected to carry out physical health reviews, annual reviews, shared care of medication, awareness and signposting on for co-existing mental health or autism conditions and GP support in a timely manner. The HWEICB ADHD "Patient Choice” scheme is under development and will take at least several months to be fully functional.

In the interim, in Hertfordshire & West Essex, there is choice to receive care via the "Right to Choose”, or local NHS referral (if they meet the criteria).  In the future there will also be the "Patient Choice” provider (once provider is registered on the ICB framework) whom the patient can chose to go to.

Why may there be a problem if a patient asks to be referred to their chosen ADHD service under their right to choose in HWE?

Currently the option of right to choose for HWEICB ADHD patients is complicated because the provider chosen may not meet the standards local service adheres to. They may not be able to provide medication. They may not be able to provide long term GP support and long term follow up. If and when a patient decides to switch back to local ADHD services having been diagnosed elsewhere, they need to join the local waiting list. This means a gap in medication and shared care and support.

 

Is there a list of Right to Choose providers the ICB recommends?

The ICB does not have the ability to vet every possible provider, and the risk is the patient choice leads them to a care pathway that cannot be fulfilled.

When the accredited "Patient Choice” providers are in place the ICB can recommend them in confidence.

 

What if my patient asks me to refer under Right to Choose to another provider?

The decision to make a referral is the GP’s responsibility and separate from Right to Choose. Right to Choose is a patient’s right to decide where that referral is to. A Right to Choose provider can be a private organisation, but they must hold an NHS contract.  Patients may not self-refer to a Right to Choose provider on the NHS: if a patient self refers to a private Right to Choose provider that treatment will be considered a private consultation.

 The right to choose provider may request that the GP engages in shared care once the patient has been titrated and stabilised on medication. However, if they are not an accredited patient choice provider the ICB cannot be assured of the governance and has no quality assurance of the service provision.

With all referrals:

  • The GP will need to be satisfied that a referral is medically appropriate/needed through a consultation.

·        The GP knows what service will be provided by the RTC provider i.e. diagnosis and/or ongoing medication supply, shared care and support.  If this is not provided by the Right to Choose provider, the GP should explain to the patient they may then have to be referred again locally to access ongoing medication initiation, titration, shared care and support.  They may not access this quickly, as they will join a local waiting list and there is a risk to a gap in service. Should the patient not wish to take medication, or consider long term follow up then the risk is not as significant to them. The quality of the diagnostic service is unknown and therefore may not meet local standards.

·        When the Patient Choice Accredited Providers are in place, they will all be expected to provide a medication initiation, titration and shared care service as well as GP support and long term follow up.  Thus mitigating the risk of a gap in service and ensuring an equitable service to local providers.

 

Will RTC cover the cost of medication?

Possibly not, the patient must be treated in accordance with the agreed terms and pathway as specified in the original contract holding ICB (host ICB) contract.

 

 

If a patient had an assessment previously and has not been diagnosed, but wants a second opinion, can they use Right to Choose?

Regardless of the reason for the referral, it is the referrer (GP) who determines if the referral is clinically appropriate. Second referrals after a previous NHS-referred diagnosis, would need to be prompted by additional evidence or symptoms that were not previously considered.

Patients can only access NHS care under right to choose AND Patient Choice if the GP refers and deems it clinically appropriate to do so. Patients self-referring to a private provider cannot switch to being seen on the NHS unless the GP makes the formal referral. 

Right to choose does not apply to patients who have self-referred.

 

 

What if a patient wants to be referred to a provider that I believe is not in their best interests?

The NHS England » Patient choice guidance states that the referrer is not required to make a referral to a provider or team if they do not believe this would be clinically appropriate.

 

Can I share care with a Right to Choose provider?

Herts and West Essex ICB do not support shared care between private and NHS prescribers. If the private provider is a right to choose provider, we currently advise exercising caution as we cannot be assured of the governance or quality assurance of the service provided. Herts and West Essex ICB will support shared care with the RTC providers accredited as part of the patient choice accreditation exercise once this is completed as the ICB has stipulated in the service specification the key standards and governance required for safe prescribing.

 

What if my patient sees a provider privately and wishes me to continue prescribing?

We would advise if a patient is prescribed a medication under a private specialist, that would usually require monitoring under a shared care protocol on the NHS, then they should remain under the care of the private prescriber. Herts and West Essex ICB do not support shared care between private and NHS prescribers, and we recommend that shared care agreements may only be formed between NHS doctors providing an NHS service.

Locally, we have a guidance statement on the transfer of private care into NHS, which can be found at the following link

This is in line with the BMA guidance which can be found here. https://www.bma.org.uk/advice-and-support/gp-practices/managing-workload/general-practice-responsibility-in-responding-to-private-healthcare

 

What happens if my patient is transferred from another country on ADHD medication/ from another part of UK on medication?

If a patient is diagnosed in the NHS and the treating team is within a commutable distance for the patient then they should continue to be monitored under a shared care protocol with their existing team until they are seen by the new local service.

If this is not the case, then the GP will need to decide as to whether they feel able to take on the prescribing and monitoring of the patient until they are seen by the local service. We advise that this is only considered if the patient is stabilised on the medication. The GP should only prescribe the medication if they feel it is clinically safe to do so. Further advice can be sought from HPFT SPA on 0800 6444 101 or the Primary Care Medicines Optimisation Team (PMOT) if needed.

Further guidance of monitoring ADHD medication can be found here Recommendations | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management | Guidance | NICE.

If a patient has moved to the local area from another country and is on a medication regimen not commonly used in this country and would like a GP to continue to prescribe these medications the GP should seek urgent advice from local consultant via the SPA on 0800 6444 101. A decision on whether to continue the medication or not should be on a case-by-case basis. The HPFT ADHD team will aim to prioritise such cases.

If the GP is considering prescribing for this patient, they need to be satisfied that the medication prescribed for ADHD is in accordance with NICE and local prescribing guidance and continues to be clinically effective. The monitoring of the medication may need to take place in primary care in such cases until they are transferred to the local service. Further guidance of monitoring ADHD medication can be found here: Recommendations | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management | Guidance | NICE.

 

Do I have to agree to share care with a NHS provider?

The Hertfordshire and West Essex (HWE) ICB Principles for Shared Care document states that  ‘transfer of clinical responsibility to primary care should only be considered where the person’s clinical condition is stable or predictable. The initial secondary care prescribing period should be enough for adverse effects associated with initiation of the drug to occur; to allow stabilisation of the patient’s condition if sick; to allow stabilisation and achievement of a suitable therapeutic dose; and to allow time for communication and acceptance of shared care at this point with the patient’s GP. This will usually be 12 weeks unless otherwise stated within the agreed individual shared care protocol. For some medications the stabilisation period could be as short as 4 weeks, if stated in the protocol.’  

 

Practices are under no obligation to accept shared care where there are concerns relating to clinical aspects of the shared care request, for example, the patient has not been stabilised on therapy.  GPs accepting shared care should also be satisfied that treatment falls in line with locally agreed decisions or national guidelines, and they feel clinically competent to prescribe.  

 

Requests to share care should be considered and accepted or declined on an individual per patient per drug basis. The GMC states ‘If you are uncertain about your competence to take responsibility for the patient’s continuing care, you should ask for further information or advice from the clinician who is sharing care responsibilities or from another experienced colleague. If you are still not satisfied, you should explain this to the other clinician, and to the patient, and make appropriate arrangements for their continuing care.

 

What can I do if I need help for my patient with ADHD that is not due a review by the specialist?

Children and young adults

A resource pack has been created for parents or guardians with details of services available for them to access, this can be found here – The Hertfordshire Local Offer. Please share this animation with your parents/carers: (33) Your guide to ADHD and autism support in Hertfordshire on the Local Offer website - YouTube

You may also signpost the family to the Neurodiversity Support Hub Advice line on 01727 833963The neurodiversity support hub is an advice service offering support, signposting and guidance about a whole range of things relating to ADHD and Autism. The phones are answered by a team of parents and carers of neurodivergent children and young people and the child doesn't need a diagnosis to use this service. Further support can also be found on the Healthier Together website https://hwehealthiertogether.nhs.uk/download_file/view/1264/4154

If your child needs an urgent review or you if you believe the child’s behaviour is deteriorating significantly and there is a risk to themselves or their family, we suggest that you contact the CAMHS SPA on 0800 6444 101 (24/7). To discuss the case with someone who will be able to help.

Adults

GPs can contact the local community mental health team at HPFT via SPA on the 18+ referral form and ask for medication review, patient review or advice and guidance. In the future the same service will be provided by the Patient Choice providers. This is also part of the shared care agreement for those on medication. For those not known to HPFT, not on medication or transferring from another provider the waits will be determined by risk and prioritised. It may be HPFT as a specialist service provider will signpost those without psychosocial complexity to a self help resource.

Adults who are seeing a private specialist need to be reviewed by them. If they can not continue to fund this they can be referred if appropriate to HPFT or a RTC NHS provider. Their wait will be determined by risk and may be long.

If they have been discharged to the GP and are not on medication they are entitled to mental health support and services as per any local resident.

If they deteriorate in terms of ADHD sequale or require medication initiation they need to be referred to an NHS service.

It may be a signpost to an ADHD self help resource or charity is appropriate for those with non complex ADHD queries- list provided below.

if they are exhibiting serious mental health or autism or eating disorder or addiction or psychosocial co-morbidity they should be referred to HPFT via SPA, and consider referring to addiction and housing and other services as well if applicable.

If they are experiencing crisis the usual mental health crisis route and and advice applies. For mild or moderate mental health co-morbidity they can access the commissioned and third sector local services. See below for more detail.

 


 

Patient Information and Resources

There are a number of useful websites and reading resources available. See a selection below.

  • ADDiSS (ADHD information services) National Attention Deficit Disorder Information and Support Service. People-friendly information and resources for parents, teachers, sufferers and professionals. 

Phone line also available 020 8952 2800 www.addiss.co.uk

  • AADD-UK site for and by adults with ADHD

https://aadduk.org  

  • AADD-UK also has a list of support groups across the UK

https://aadduk.org/help-support/support-groups/

  • ADDers - Promotes awareness of ADHD and provide information with as much free practical help to sufferers, both adults and children, and their families www.adders.org
  • Royal College of Psychiatrists - information leaflet - ADHD in Adults

https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/problems-disorders/adhd-in-adults

  • ADHD UK

https://adhduk.co.uk/

 

  • CBT for ADHD or Coach: BABCP registered CBT therapist list

https://www.bacp.co.uk/search/Therapists

  • ADHDadultUK – a UK based adult ADHD charity, providing online resources including video guides, a podcast, online magazine

https://www.adhdadult.uk/

 

  • How to ADHD – a website and YouTube channel dedicated to helping people with ADHD live and work effectively

https://howtoadhd.com/

 

·        ADD-vance - a Hertfordshire based charity that supports families affected by ADHD, Autism or a related condition and the professionals who support them. www.add-vance.org

 

·        Royal College of Psychiatrists - information leaflet - ADHD in Adults https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/problems-disorders/adhd-in-adults • ADHD UK https://adhduk.co.uk/

 

 

·        CBT for ADHD or Coach : BABCP registered CBT therapist list available on: https://www.bacp.co.uk/search/Therapists ADHD Self-help book

 

Self-help books

  • Russel A. Barkley 'Taking Charge of Adult ADHD' (Guilford Press 2010) and Mary V. Solanto 'Cognitive - Behavioural Therapy for Adult ADHD'
  • Gabor Maté ‘Scattered Minds: The Origins and Healing of Attention Deficit Disorder’ 2019. Written by a Canadian physician with ADHD.
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